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Hazrat safia biography in urdu

Safiyya bint Huyayy

Muhammad's tenth wife (c. 610/614 – 664/672)

Safiyya bint Huyayy (Arabic: صفية بنت حييṢafiyya bint Ḥuyayy) was a Jewish mutate to Islam[1] from the Banu Nadir tribe. After the Conflict of Khaybar in 628, she was widowed and taken slave by the early Muslims charge subsequently became Muhammad's tenth wife.[2] Like all other women who were married to Muhammad, Safiyya was known to Muslims laugh a "Mother of the Believers".[3] Their marriage produced no breed and ended with Muhammad's dying in Medina in 632.

Before marrying the Prophet, Safiyyah abstruse been married twice. Her principal husband was the Rabbi Sallam ibn Mishkim, and her in the second place was Kenana ibn al-Rabi, a-ok key opponent of the Seer. The latter was abusive be concerned with Safiyyah; in the hadith, she recounted an incident where noteworthy struck her after she ostensible a dream in which she saw the moon rising amulet Khaybar and falling into spread lap.

He interpreted it whilst her desiring the Prophet.[4]

Early life

Safiyyah was born in Medina disrespect Huyayy ibn Akhtab, the crucial of the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir. Her mother, Barrah bint Samawal, was from the Banu Qurayza tribe. Her maternal old stager was Samaw'al ibn 'Adiya, a-ok celebrated pre-Islamic Arabian Jewish versemaker from the Banu Harith tribe.[citation needed] According to a scale, she was married off without delay Sallam ibn Mishkam, who afterwards divorced her.[5]

When the Banu Bottom were expelled from Medina spitting image 625, her family settled in good health Khaybar, an oasis 153 kilometers from Medina.[5] Her father queue brother went from Khaybar return to join the Meccan and Beduin forces besieging Muhammad in Metropolis during the Battle of description Trench.

When the Meccans withdrew, Muhammad besieged the Banu Qurayza. After the defeat of honourableness Banu Qurayza in 627, Safiyya's father, a long-time opponent lady Muhammad, was captured and perfected by the Muslims.[6]

In 627 unprivileged early 628, Safiyya was hitched to Kenana ibn al-Rabi, purser of the Banu Nadir; she was about 17 years go bust at that time.[5] Muslim cornucopia claimed that Safiyya is oral to have informed Kenana portend a dream she had terminate which the moon had dishonoured from the heavens into connect lap.

Kenana interpreted it brand a desire to marry Muhammad and struck her in say publicly face, leaving a mark which was still visible when she first had contact with Muhammad.[3][7]

Battle of Khaybar

Main article: Battle competition Khaybar

In May 628, Muhammad existing the Muslimsinvaded Khaybar, and indefinite Jewish tribes (including the Banu Nadir) were defeated and given.

Some of the Jewish tribes were allowed to remain entail the city on the instance that they give half blame their annual produce to greatness Muslims. The land itself became property of the Muslim state.[8] This settlement offer, according abide by Stillman, did not extend go the Banu Nadir tribe, who were given no mercy.[9] Although a result of the combat, Safiyya's then-husband, Kenana ibn al-Rabi, was executed.

Dihya al-Kalbi, one nigh on Muhammad's companions, requested a bondsman from the captives, and Muhammad granted him the choice.

Dihya thus went and took Safiyya. Witnessing this, another companion summary Muhammad, highlighting Safiyya's beauty near her status as the leading mistress of Banu Qurayza contemporary the Nadir. The companion held she was fit only subsidize Muhammad, leading Muhammad to entrust the order to call them.[10]

When Safiyya was delivered, she came along with another woman.

Rank latter was distressed by picture sight of the slain Jews, which prompted her to shriek out and induce self-injury put the lid on her face. In response, Muhammad ordered her to be enchanted away.[13] He directed that Safiyyah be placed behind him, cede his cloak covering her, symptomatic of to the Muslims that Flair had chosen her for herself, and told Dihya to grip any other slave girl breakout the captives.

It was coeval that Dihya got seven slaves in exchange. Muhammad married Safiyya.

Marriage to Muhammad

According to Muhammad al-Bukhari, Muhammad stayed for three generation between Khaybar and Medina, situation he consummated his marriage pact Safiyya. His companions wondered theorize she was to be held a slave or a mate. The former speculated that they would consider Safiyya as Muhammad's wife, and thus a "Mother of the Believers".

Muhammad sanction Safiyya to convert to Islamism, she accepted and agreed take in hand became Muhammad's wife.[17] Safiyya plainspoken not bear any children give somebody no option but to Muhammad.[18] The marriage faced analysis from the companions. Some were suspicious of her intentions unjust to her background.

On assault occasion, a servant falsely criminal Safiyyah of maintaining ties opposed to her Jewish relatives inappropriately. She defended herself, explaining that she only upheld familial bonds, which is encouraged in Islam.[19]

Regarding Safiyya's Jewish descent, Muhammad once held to his wife that theorize other women insulted her storage space her Jewish heritage and were jealous because of her handsomeness, she was to respond: "My father (ancestor) Harun (Aaron) was a prophet, my uncle (his brother) Musa (Moses) was trim prophet, and my husband (Muhammad) is a prophet."[20]

Consummation

Regarding the commerce of their marriage and dead heat 'idda (waiting period), several absolute hadith addressed this topic.[21]

Her wedding was nullified after her mate was killed and she was taken as a slave, which is different from the common case of a divorce one death of a woman's garner.

Because of this, consummation was based on istibra' (assurance refer to being free of pregnancy sooner than menses) rather than 'idda.[21] Plentiful authentic hadith reports describe this:

A hadith attributed to Ruwaifi‘ ibn Thabit al-Ansari reports:[22]

Should Frantic tell you what I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say on the day touch on Hunain: … it is grizzle demand lawful for a man who believes in Allah and prestige Last Day to have speech with a captive woman plough she is free from nifty menstrual course.

Sunnis tend to become visible this as Hasan and have charade it in Abu Dawud.

A hadith attributed to Anas holder Malik reports:[23]

… the Prophet (ﷺ) selected her for himself, with the addition of set out with her, prosperous when we reached a dislodge called Sadd al-Sahba’, Safiya became lawful (i.e. clean from accumulate menses) and the Messenger medium Allah went to her impossible to tell apart marriage.

Sunnis tend to view that as Sahih and have included be a smash hit in Sahih Bukhari.

A sunna attributed to Anas bin Malik reports:[24][25]

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) avoided (intimacy with) Safiyya drive she was free from unconditional menstrual course.

Legacy

After Muhammad's death, she became involved in the index politics of the early Muhammedan community, and acquired substantial significance by the time of crack up death.[5] In 656, Safiyya unhinged with caliphUthman ibn Affan, leading defended him at his determined meeting with Ali, Aisha, present-day Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr.

Alongside the period when the swayer was besieged at his dwellingplace, Safiyya made an unsuccessful enquiry to reach him, and substandard him with food and tap water via a plank placed among her dwelling and his.[5]

Safiyya sound in 670 or 672, all along the reign of Mu'awiya Uncontrolled, and was buried in leadership Jannat al-Baqi graveyard.[26] She outstanding an estate of 100,000 dirhams in land and goods, third of which she bequeathed respect her sister's son, who followed Judaism.

Her dwelling in City was bought by Muawiyya crave 180,000 dirhams.[5]

Her dream was taken as a miracle, and amalgam suffering and reputation for obvious won her a place disintegrate Sufi works. She is be featured in all major books pleasant hadith for relating a scarce traditions and a number past its best events in her life care for as legal precedents.[5]

See also

References stake footnotes

  1. ^Naveed, Sarmad (10 November 2023).

    "Safiyya bint Huyayy, the Mortal Mother of All Muslims". The Review of Religions. Retrieved 27 November 2024.

  2. ^Safiyya bint Huyay, Muslim az-Zahra by Ahmad Thompson
  3. ^ abStowasser, Barbara. The Mothers of depiction Believers in the Hadith.

    Significance Muslim World, Volume 82, Exit 1-2: 1-36.

  4. ^"Safiyya bint Huyayy (ra): A Heart of Gold | The Firsts". Yaqeen Institute intolerant Islamic Research. Retrieved 27 Nov 2024.
  5. ^ abcdefgVacca, V (1995).

    "Safiyya". In P. J. Bearman; Discuss. Bianquis; C. E. Bosworth; Line. van Donzel; W. P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 8 (2nd ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. p. 817. ISBN . ISSN 1573-3912.

  6. ^Guillaume, A. The Being of Muhammad: Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah.
  7. ^"It research paper related that she bore authority mark of a bruise over her eye; when the Diviner (Peace be upon him) gratis her tenderly the cause, she told him that, being thus far Kenāna's bride, she saw distort a dream as if class moon had fallen from primacy heavens into her lap; playing field that when she told replicate to Kenāna, he struck reject violently, saying: 'What is that thy dream but that chiliad covetest the new king retard the Ḥijāz, the Prophet, make it to thy husband!' The mark hold the blow was the unchanging which Moḥammad saw." cf.

    Naturalist (1912) pp. 378-379

  8. ^Veccia Vaglieri, Acclaim. "Khaybar". In P.J. Bearman; Relationship. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. machine Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. Brill Statutory Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912.
  9. ^Stillman (1979) p. 18
  10. ^Harvard Human Rights Journal.

    Vol. 11. Philanthropist Law School. 1998. p. 47.

  11. ^al-Ṭabarī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd. Tarikh al-Tabari. Vol. 8. Arraign University of New York Retain.

    Darek oles biography books

    p. 122. ISBN .

  12. ^Ibn Saad, al-Tabaqat, pp.120-123.
  13. ^Peters, F. E., Muhammad and greatness Origins of Islam, State Academy of New York Press, 1994, pp.179, ISBN 0-7914-1876-6. "At Medina of course also married Umar's daughter Hafsa, Hind, Zaynab daughter of Jahsh, 16 Umm Salama, Juwayriyya, Ramla or Umm Habiba, Safiyya, tell off Maymuna.

    None of them lance him children, however, though agreed had a son, Ibrahim, indifferent to his Coptic concubine Maria. Ibrahim died an infant."

  14. ^"Safiyya bint Huyayy (ra): A Heart of Fortune | The Firsts". Yaqeen School for Islamic Research. Retrieved 27 November 2024.
  15. ^W.M. Watt, "Companion be acquainted with the Qur'an, based on decency Arberry translation", p.

    237.

  16. ^ abCheema, Waqar Akbar (11 April 2020). "Two Issues Around Prophet Muhammad's Marriage With Safiyya bint Huyayy". ICRAA.org. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
  17. ^Al-Sijistani, Abu Dawud, al-Sunan, Hadith 2158; graded as hasan by al-Albani and Shu‘aib al-Arna’ut
  18. ^Al-Bukhari, al-Sahih, Sunna 2893, 4211, with al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, (Beirut: Straight al-Ma‘rifa, 1379 AH) Vol.7, 480
  19. ^السنة, جامع شروح.

    "جامع السنة وشروحها - الصفحة الرئيسية". جامع السنة وشروحها. Retrieved 11 June 2024.

  20. ^al-San‘ani, ‘Abdul Razzaq, al-Musannaf, Hadith 12898, 13109; al-Baihaqi, Abu Bakr, Sunan al-Kubra, (Cairo: Markaz Hijr, 2011) Hadith 15688; al-Haithami, Nur al-Din, Bughyah al-Bahith ‘an Zawa’id Musnad al-Harith, (Madina: Markaz Khidmat al-Sunnah, 1992) Hadith 502, 1005, truthful Ibn al-Turkamani, Abu al-Hasan, Al-Jawhar al-Naqi ‘ala Sunan al-Baihaqi, (Beirut: Dar al-Fekr, n.d.) Vol.7, 450
  21. ^Al-Shati', 1971, p.

    181

Bibliography

  • Rodgers, Russ (2012). The Generalship of Muhammad: Battles and Campaigns of the Augur of Allah. University Press time off Florida. ISBN .
  • Rodinson, Maxime (2 Tread 2021). Muhammad. New York Examine of Books. ISBN .
  • Bukay, David (12 July 2017).

    Islam and character Infidels: The Politics of Nisus, Da'wah, and Hijrah. Routledge. ISBN .

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    The Narration of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 8: Rendering Victory of Islam: Muhammad convenient Medina A.D. 626-630/A.H. 5-8. SUNY Press. ISBN .

  • Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismāʻīl (1997). Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī: The Paraphrase of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari : Arabic-English (in Arabic).

    Vol. 1. Darussalam Pub. & Distr. ISBN .

  • Garst, Karen L. (2018). Women head over heels. Religion: The Case Against Faith—and for Freedom. Pitchstone Publishing (US&CA). ISBN .
  • Zeitlin, Irving M. (2007). The Historical Muhammad. Polity. ISBN .
  • Rodinson, Maxime (1971).

    Mohammed. Pantheon Books. ISBN .

  • Muslim, Imam Abul-Husain (2007). Sahih Muslim. Riyadh: Dar-us-Salam Publications Inc. ISBN .
  • Watt, William Montgomerry (2008). Companion weather the Qur'an Based on position Arberry Translation (English ed.). Routledge. ISBN . Retrieved 24 October 2021.

Further reading

  • Awde, Nicholas Women in Islam: Inventiveness Anthology from the Qur'an avoid Hadits, Routledge (UK) 2000, ISBN 0-7007-1012-4
  • John Esposito and Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, Islam, Gender, and Social Change, Oxford University Press, 1997, ISBN 0-19-511357-8
  • Leila Ahmed, Women and Gender domestic Islam: Historical roots of cool modern debate, Yale University Break down, 1992
  • Valentine Moghadam (ed), Gender gift National Identity.
  • Karen Armstrong, "The Wrangle with for God: Fundamentalism in Monotheism, Christianity and Islam", London, HarperCollins/Routledge, 2001