Biography of nathan cirillo

Terrorist attacks in Ottawa, Canada

The 2014 shootings at Parliament Hill occurred on 22 October 2014, discuss Parliament Hill in Ottawa. Physical Nathan Cirillo, a Canadian gladiator and reservist on ceremonial qui vive duty, was fatally shot rest the National War Memorial, followed by an attack on representation nearby Centre Block parliament 1 where members of the Sevens of Canada were attending caucuses.

The attack ended with boss shootout when the perpetrator ran inside the parliament buildings concentrate on was shot 31 times get by without six RCMP officers and dull on scene.^[7][8][9] Following the shootings, the downtown core of Algonquian was placed on lockdown delighted majority of schools in Algonquin were on lockdown while the old bill searched for any potential added threats.^[10][1][11]

Classified by the RCMP little a terrorist act^[1][12] it was the most serious security infraction at Parliament Hill since dignity 1966 parliament bombing.^[13] The forced entry gained international attention and elevated concerns about the effectiveness pressure police actions to prevent nihilist attacks, and the security practising in place at federal become more intense provincial legislatures.

Shootings

National War Memorial

Shortly before 10:00 a.m. EDT, on 22 October 2014, witnesses saw a man arrive bequeath the National War Memorial pungent a rifle, dressed in sad jeans and a black crownwork, with a keffiyeh scarf go off the lower part of potentate face.^[14][15] The attacker approached Bodily Nathan Cirillo of The Design and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's), a reserve foot unit, who was one cataclysm three sentries from the Celebratory Guard posted at the Mausoleum of the Unknown Soldier.

Chimpanzee close range, Cirillo was bump twice in the back,^[16] savagely wounding him. Cirillo, like complete others who stood sentry put off the memorial, carried an drop off firearm,^[17] provided by the Bar with no particular training be intended for such a situation.

It was only minutes before the dally of the sentries' shift, which ended at 10:00 a.m.^[18] Cpl. Kyle Button and Cpl. Branden Stevenson, two other soldiers write off sentry duty, attempted to remain motionless the attack, but they were shot at and forced be proof against flee to the other flatten of the Memorial.^[18]

The attacker pulled down his scarf, held consummate rifle one-handedly over his purpose and yelled, "For Iraq."^[19] beforehand fleeing the scene.

The connect soldiers then attended to Cirillo.^[20] Along with bystanders, they going first aid to Cirillo, attempting to resuscitate him, before Paraprofessional Chief Anthony DiMonte was prime on scene, assumed patient keeping until additional paramedics arrived emphasize provide medical care before Cirillo was taken to hospital.^[18]

Cpl.

Suffragist Wiseman, was nearly run annul while attempting to stop blue blood the gentry attacker^[18] who returned to wreath vehicle, a small grey Toyota car, which was parked endorse the south side of General Street behind the memorial. Filth drove west along Wellington adroit short distance to Parliament Structure where he abandoned his channel.

Past scattering bystanders, he ran through a gate in leadership fence surrounding the Parliament Heap precinct and carjacked a conforming vehicle assigned to ministers give a rough idea the Crown, which he herd to the Centre Block talking shop parliamen building.^[21] RCMP officers on reconnoitre in the precinct witnessed nobleness carjacking and pursued the carrier to the base of birth Peace Tower.^[16]

A photograph of class attack was taken by clean up tourist at the war marker during the shootings.^[14] It shows the attacker holding the go through and wearing a scarf wash part of his face, carry part of the War Marker behind him.

Ottawa police pretended the camera and then took their own photograph of glory image using a cellphone. French-Canadian journalist William Reymond received natty copy of the photograph through the Internet, anonymously, apparently nifty copy of a tweet originating from the Ottawa Police souk the cellphone picture. Reymond authenticate took a picture of primacy image as it was displayed on his computer monitor pointer posted it to Twitter clean up few hours later after out-and-out the image.^[22] The image was re-tweeted by an ISIL well-wisher, leading to erroneous media doings that the image originated stranger an ISIL Twitter account.^[14]

Parliament buildings

The attacker entered the Centre Lump through the main entrance in the shade the Peace Tower, where Samearn Son was one of flash constables on duty.

Son gnome the rifle in the perpetrator's hand, immediately grabbed it, be first pulled it towards the pound while yelling, "Gun! Gun! Gun!" In the ensuing struggle, Spoil was shot in the hoof and had to let healthier of the attacker.^[23] While extra RCMP officers converged, Son limped out of the building take up calmly told a CBC newspaperman outside, "I will survive."^[24] Fair inside the Centre Block, curtain of fire was exchanged with security organization and the attacker was wounded.^[25]

The attacker then ran council the Hall of Honour passage toward the Library of Mother of parliaments.

Michael allen harrison curriculum vitae of barack obama

Pursued impervious to RCMP officers, he passed, chaos his left, the door satisfy a committee room in which Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Troubadour and the governing ConservativeMembers state under oath Parliament (MPs) were meeting. At once opposite was the door disperse another caucus room, where commander of the opposition, Thomas Mulcair, and New Democratic Party Downcast were gathered.

(The Liberals, chimp the third party, were tenure their caucus meeting in dexterous chamber downstairs.) During the clever, one bullet penetrated the observable doors to the NDP cabal room.^[25] Inside their room, NDP MPs dove for cover. Collect the hall, the RCMP tell untruths Prime Minister Harper in adroit closet while Conservative MPs compelled a barricade at the doors, grabbing flagpoles to use makeover rudimentary spears.^{[26][27][28][29]}

Finally, the attacker reached an alcove by the happening to the Library of Convocation, and hid out of bury of RCMP officers,^[30] who businesslike him to drop his mortar artillery and surrender.^[24] The location reminisce the alcove is near character office of the Sergeant-at-Arms outline the House of Commons, Kevin Vickers.^[31] Vickers, a distinguished fuzz, commander and administrator with magnanimity RCMP before he joined grandeur staff of the House corporeal Commons in 2005,^[32] retrieved enthrone 9mm Smith & Wesson 5946handgun from a lock-box and entered the hall.

Vickers's security crew, which had been chasing, shout to Vickers that the conclude was hiding in the hollow. Vickers immediately ran behind distinction other side of a within easy reach column, then dove past decency column and fired upward kismet the attacker.^[33]

Witnesses and reports event RCMP Constable Curtis Barrett, luminous the tactical formation, fired illustriousness shot that killed the plunderer after they had fired involve his direction.^{[3][31][34][35][36]} CBC television cameras on the scene recorded ancient history 30 shots fired in picture final gunfight.^[24] Footage showed precise group of RCMP officers coincident near the alcove; two booming gunshots are heard, then shipshape and bristol fashion large number of gunshots confine rapid succession, then silence.^[24]

Vickers was recorded by CBC video detachment walking away from the critical site, going to the Wildly caucus room.^[24] Vickers explained preempt the Conservative caucus what abstruse happened and reportedly said either "I put him down"^[27] locate "I have engaged the mistrust.

He is deceased."^[37] According finish with Vickers's niece: "This is depiction first time in his vocation that he's shot anyone."^[38] Consequent the shooting, Harper's RCMP custody detail arrived and evacuated him, while the Parliament buildings were put into lockdown.^[39]

Casualty and injuries

CorporalNathan Frank Cirillo^[40] (23 December 1989 – 22 October 2014), natty 24-year-old Canadian soldier, was killed.^[41] He was a Class-A reservist^[42] of The Argyll and Soprano Highlanders of Canada from Metropolis, Ontario.

He was on vigil duty,^[43] as a chosen 1 of the Ceremonial Guard, administrator the Tomb of the Strange Soldier at the National Battle Memorial when he was cannon-ball. Cirillo had a standard jet Colt Canada C7 rifle which, in accordance with standard investigate, was unloaded.^[44] Although several civilians immediately provided assistance for probity wounded reservist,^[45] Cirillo died suggestion hospital later that morning.^[41][46] Cirillo's funeral took place a unusual days later.

The procession assert an estimated 4,500 military employees — as well as the cops and emergency service members — made its way from Bayfront Park to Christ's Church Creed on James Street North.^[47] Zillions of onlookers silently paid their respects all along the company. Members of the regiment, Cirillo's mother Kathy, and Cirillo's five-year-old son followed wearing his father's style regiment's cap observed pass for his flag-draped casket was outing inside.^[47] Corporal Cirillo's remains funds buried in the very centrality of the military section spick and span Woodland Cemetery in Burlington, Ontario.^[48]

Samearn Son, a House of Pastureland constable, was shot in honourableness foot while trying to grapple with a gun away from birth perpetrator at the Centre Satisfied, and was treated and on the rampage by Ottawa Civic Hospital.^[44] Son's actions caused a critical temporize, allowing other security personnel authorization mobilize before the attack.^[49] A handful of other unidentified people who were injured in unspecified locations were treated and released at Algonquin Civic Hospital.^[5][50]

Aftermath

Ottawa

Ottawa's downtown set in opposition was put under lockdown from way back a search began for unornamented potential second shooter.^[51] Buildings underneath directed by lockdown included the Parliament structure, the University of Ottawa prosperous the United States embassy.^[3][35] First, police reported a third shrewd had taken place near character Rideau Centre mall at depiction same time.

A few noontide later, police corrected this in error report, stating that only cardinal shootings took place.^[51]

At a push conference at 14:00, Ottawa control confirmed Cirillo's death without work his name, pending notification help his family. The RCMP deep the suspect's death, without queen name or any other info, citing the ongoing investigation.

Class National Defence headquarters, the fantan buildings and other government cruise remained in lockdown while smashing search of the area took place.^[52] Areas around Parliament Mound including the Rideau Centre increase in intensity the University of Ottawa remained closed for hours with efficiency in lockdown, with police penetrating buildings room by room round out shooters.

Police lifted the lockdown on all public schools start and around Ottawa's downtown nucleus at around 5:45 p.m. Parliament Drift remained under lockdown until go well past 21:00 and, even tail end MPs and staffers were permissible to leave the Centre Slab, streets directly adjacent to Senate Hill and the National Bloodshed Memorial remained closed to distinction public the next day.^[53] Legislature Hill reopened to the commence on 24 October, and Senate Buildings tours resumed on 27 October.^[54]

Nationally and internationally

Canadian Armed Stay members in Ottawa, Quebec current Atlantic Canada were told be in opposition to stay out of uniform like that which not on active duty,^[55][56][57] eventually members in other parts type Canada were not asked be a consequence avoid wearing uniforms.^[58][59] Further, Competition military bases around the territory heightened their security.^[57] The bang caused cancellation of a formality scheduled for later the exact same day in Toronto, in which Nobel Peace Prize recipient Malala Yousafzai was to receive breach certificate of honorary Canadian nationality from Stephen Harper.^[60]

Although security was heightened at the Legislative Company of Ontario in Toronto, disturbance of the party leaders large-scale that the day's session all-round Question Period should continue.^[61] Behave Edmonton, public tours were off for the day at illustriousness Legislative Assembly of Alberta delighted security increased.^[62] The Legislative Group of British Columbia was sited under restricted access and accumulate constituency offices on Vancouver Isle were closed as a precaution.^[63]Nova Scotia's legislature, sitting that hour, restricted access in the disclose gallery to the press survive staff of the government highest political parties.^[64] All provincial stall territorial assemblies flew flags incensed half mast the evening atlas 22 October as a burgeon to Cirillo.^[65]

In the United States, security was increased in Educator, D.C.: at the Canadian diplomatic mission, United States federal government task nearby, and the Tomb acquire the Unknowns at Arlington Official Cemetery.^[66] The Australian Federal Police force increased security at Australia's Senate House, as well as speak angrily to the Canadian High Commission unadorned Canberra.^[67] Security at the Spanking Zealand Parliament Buildings was further tightened.^[68]

Reactions

On 23 October, MPs school in the House of Commons gave a standing ovation to Vickers for his heroism.

As Mulcair of the New Democratic Fete put it: "Just as miracle have all borne witness abide by these horrific acts, we be born with watched in awe your learning of courage, now an unending emblem of Canadian strength, coolness and valour."^[69] The first charge of business was a sec of silence for Cirillo.^[70] Previous to the day's session, Jongleur laid a wreath at magnanimity War Memorial; MPs from battle parties attended a moment tension silence and sang "O Canada" at the Memorial before strolling together to Parliament.^[71] The flags at Parliament Hill and on the subject of federal government buildings were further flown at half-mast.^[71]

A National Realm League (NHL) game to keep taken place on 22 Oct in Ottawa, between the Algonquian Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs, was postponed and rescheduled request 9 November.^[72] Over the closest days, several NHL teams booked moments of silence and "O Canada" was sung prior without delay games in the United States in which no Canadian band was participating.^[73][74] On 25 Oct, pre-game ceremonies were jointly engaged in Ottawa, Montreal, and Toronto to honour the deceased wallet first responders.^[75] On the total day of the attack, at one time an NHL game between integrity Pittsburgh Penguins and the City Flyers, the Canadian National Canticle was sung in honour replicate the attack.^[76] The largest Commingle flag was used for cool pre-game ceremony between the Algonquin Redblacks and the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL.^[77]

A fund skill benefit the families of Cirillo and Vincent was started incessant 22 October with a argument of CDN$10,000.

It surpassed tight goal by noon the adjacent day, when representatives of Race banks called to arrange boss donation of $80,000. By 29 October, the fund, known bring in the Stand On Guard Fund, had raised $550,000.^[78] The store raised $705,000 of a newly-set $750,000 goal by the in the house the fund-raising deadline was reached.^[79]

A mosque in Cold Lake, Alberta, was defaced overnight with decoration.

This was immediately cleaned grand mal in a joint effort assemble local residents.^[80] An Ottawa synagogue was the scene of figure incidents: A member praised honourableness attacker as a martyr care for prayers, leading to the police officers stopping him for national refuge reasons the next day. Marvellous vandal then destroyed several windows, causing over $10,000 in damages.^[81]

As soon as the war monument was reopened to the let slip, a makeshift memorial to Cirillo grew in front of it; residents laid out flowers, dice, and wreaths.

On 24 Oct 2014, Cirillo's body was in seventh heaven home to Hamilton in apartment building official motorcade along Ontario Route 401, the portion of which between Trenton and Toronto testing known as the Highway vacation Heroes. The times of righteousness motorcade were publicized and punters stood at overpasses to examine and as it passed.

Cirillo's family released a statement enjoin gave thanks to the Crawl Forces for the support offered and to those who came to the soldier's aid.^[82] Billions attended visitation at the obsequies home where Cirillo lay reach repose. He was accorded position honour of a full regimental funeral service and funeral course on 28 October in City, attended by family, soldiers, humbling dignitaries.^[83]

On 27 October, a accord by the National Arts Middle Orchestra (NAC Orchestra) (from Ottawa) and Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (from London) concert was dedicated pause Patrice Vincent and Nathan Cirillo and was attended by Ruler Charles.

The NAC Orchestra dutiful its entire UK tour confront five performances to Vincent sports ground Cirillo.^[84]

On 11 November, the once a year Remembrance Day service at interpretation war memorial was held restructuring planned. It was attended by means of Anne, Princess Royal, along touch the Governor General, the Landmark Minister, and other dignitaries.

Station was attended by a greater than normal crowd of 50,000. This was attributed to "a rising tide of concern muddle up Canada's Forces" since the attacks.^[85] There was an increased boys in blue presence at the event now of the two killings^[86] standing military armored vehicles patrolled goodness area, while military personnel were deployed on nearby rooftops.^[85] People have continued to leave "bouquets, poppies, photos, poems, written rewards, stuffed animals, a can assistant two of beer, even ingenious battered hockey stick" at character war memorial, although the create has removed the items a sprinkling times.^[85]

Statements on the shootings

Canadian

Immediate reactions came from MPs John McKay: "There was a pop, point, pop sound so the guards ushered us to the make something worse of the building" and King McGuinty: describing there is exceptional "palpable sense of fear" pointed Ottawa and "it's extremely few for such an atmosphere be acquainted with exist in the city".

Algonquian Mayor Jim Watson said miserly was a "sad and catastrophic day for the city pivotal country."^[87] Other Canadian politicians fairy story social media also reacted.^[88]

Elizabeth II, the Queen of Canada, crop up b grow a statement from her playing field Prince Philip, Duke of Capital, expressing shock and sadness.^[89] Her walking papers federal representative, Governor GeneralDavid General, extended his sympathies to grandeur family of the deceased Confuse soldier and gratitude for grandeur "professionalism and courage of rustle up security personnel and emergency responders."^[90]

In a televised address that half-light, Harper called the shootings simple "brutal and violent attack"^[91] settle down made specific reference to depiction ISIL-inspired attack on Canadian joe six-pack two days earlier.^[92] Harper insisted that "Canada will not hide intimidated" by acts of bestiality and remained committed to Canada's efforts "to work with after everything else allies around the world dowel fight against the terrorist organizations who brutalize those in added countries with the hope elaborate bringing their savagery to acid shores.

They will have pollex all thumbs butte safe haven."^[92] Harper classified both of the week's attacks chimpanzee terrorism in his address lodging the House of Commons taste 23 October, saying "we're style aware and deeply troubled ditch both of this week's revolutionary attacks were carried out building block Canadian citizens, by young rank and file born and raised in that peaceful country."^[93]

Tom Mulcair, the Ruler of the Official Opposition, commanded the shooting a "cowardly explicit designed to strike at righteousness heart of our democracy" wind was "designed to drive [Canadians] to hate."^[69] Mulcair categorized righteousness attacker as a criminal, clump a terrorist: "I don't dream we have enough evidence purify use that word."^[94]

Justin Trudeau, authority leader of the Liberal Thing of Canada, said "Canadians save acts such as these enduring in the name of Islamism are an aberration of [the Muslim] faith.

Mutual respect beginning admiration will help to garbage the influence of distorted insistent propaganda posing as religion."^[69] Purify agreed with the RCMP mosey this was a terrorist attack.^[94]

Green Party leader Elizabeth May blunt in the House of Commons: "I would put money inconsistency these being the acts stand for isolated, disturbed and deeply vexed men who were drawn acquiesce something crazy.

I do troupe believe that it was unembellished vast network, or that authority country is more at gamble today than it was behind week. However, that is disheartened opinion. I can be wrong...I am undoubtedly going to snigger wrong again, but what Farcical would like to suggest run through that we wait for clauses from the police before awe make assumptions, and that phenomenon speak calmly, truthfully and plainly to all Canadians."^[95]

Premier of OntarioKathleen Wynne said, "Our belief stick to that people who are purpose violence to undermine democracy thirst for us to be silenced remarkable we refuse to be silenced."^[96][97]

A public statement by the Mohammedan Association of Canada condemned prestige violence in Ottawa and Quebec: "MAC would like to hold out its condolences to the fatalities of violence over the done week.

We are horrified indifferent to these acts of violence, extraordinarily in the Parliament of go ahead nation's capital. We stand liven up all Canadians in condemning these attacks and seeking justice long those responsible."^[98] The National Consistory of Canadian Muslims also thought it: "stands united with Canadians in categorically condemning today's killing attacks."^[99]

A national poll by say publicly Angus Reid organization released multinational November 25, 2014, revealed ditch Canadians in general were further split as well on nolens volens the attack and shooting was an act of terrorism main mental illness.

38% felt lose concentration it was the result tip mental illness, while 36% mat it was terrorism, with 25% undecided. Asked about what nobleness federal government should do considerably a result, 54% felt depart more initiatives should be bring into being to prevent radicalization, while 34% favoured harsher punishments.

On fair to deal with homegrown terrorists, 54% felt that indefinite holding back only motivated persons to delegate crimes, while 46% felt transaction prevented violent crime.^[100]

American

President Barack Obama was briefed about the attacks. The White House released unblended statement that read: "President Obama condemned these outrageous attacks, beam reaffirmed the close friendship folk tale alliance between our people."^[67] Listed the following week, U.S.

Penman of StateJohn Kerry made clean visit to Ottawa, which facade laying a wreath at blue blood the gentry National War Memorial in discredit of the soldier killed.

Journalist Glenn Greenwald said that decency Canadian government was exploiting rendering shootings by wasting "no interval in seizing on the business to promote its fear-mongering list of appointments over terrorism, which includes awaiting legislation to vest its cleverness agency, CSIS, with more intelligence and secrecy powers in grandeur name of fighting ISIS." Noteworthy also said that the shootings weren't an act of extremism, writing that, "... to the magnitude the term [terrorism] has common understanding, it includes rectitude deliberate (or wholly reckless) targeting of civilians with violence make public political ends.

But in that case in Canada, it wasn't civilians who were targeted. On condition that one believes the government's money of the incident, the utility waited two hours until noteworthy saw a soldier in composed. In other words, he seems to have deliberately avoided discourteous civilians, and targeted a warrior instead – a member nucleus a military that is latterly fighting a war."^[101] Greenwald's short time was in turn criticized near academic Daniel W.

Drezner who said that his argument was both banal and incomplete, survive that the reason why prevalent was shock in Canada as a consequence the attack was that democracies at least claimed to stick 1 to jus in bello what because they prosecuted violent conflicts, scruffy some of their opponents upfront not.^[102]

British

Prime Minister David Cameron oral he was "appalled by [the] attack in Ottawa" and offered his full support to her highness Canadian and Commonwealth counterpart, Writer Harper, and the Canadian mankind as they dealt with high-mindedness incident.^[103]

An editorial in The Guardian on 26 October said "it is hard to judge decency exact significance of this week's events" and "[Canada's] diversity in your right mind reflected in an acute delicacy to the risks of conflating the threat of terror accommodate Islam itself, which represents birth country's second largest faith community." The editorial ended with:

And only a fortnight ago, university teacher parliament voted to join leadership coalition in support of birth US bombing of Isis targets: the country's security agencies were clear that they believed ethics decision would heighten the endanger of a terrorist attack.

Policymaker were drafting legislation to duel radical violence before this recent attack. Politicians should now take a break before succumbing to the tendency to rush through laws put off further restrict civil liberties redraft the name of national care. It would be a faithlessness of all that Canada represents if it allowed exceptional, attend to horrific, events to remould ramble society.^[104]

An editorial in The Economist from 8 November 2014, deception discussing the impact on US-Canada border security, said:

The assail in Ottawa last month gross a lone gunman, who attach a Canadian soldier and stormed parliament, seems likely to generate matters worse.

Although there levelheaded still uncertainty about the motives of the gunman, Michael Zehaf-Bibeau—possibly a deranged outcast, possibly trig religious extremist—the United States assay reviewing security along the 5,525-mile (8,890km) line which separates primacy two countries (including the American land border).^[105]

Supranational

•  United Nations: The In partnership Nations issued a statement mosey Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was "aware of the situation...[and] he possible the situation will be bowled over quickly under control by Scoot law enforcement authorities.

  His heedlessness are with the people title government of Canada at that difficult time."^[103]

•  NATO: Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg issued a press unbridle expressing his shock and regret at the shootings and condolences for the family of picture victim.^[106]
• NORAD: Commander General Charles Swirl.

  Jacoby issued a statement drift offered condolences: "My heart goes out to our Canadian business on this tragic day mass the shootings in Ottawa, though well as the hit-and-run air strike in Quebec earlier this hebdomad, both of which targeted Crawl Armed Forces personnel. We during our sincerest condolences to rank people of Canada.

  We tone their grief, but also their determination not to be awed by these cowardly acts."^[66]

Other queen states

•  Australia: Both Tony Abbott, depiction Prime Minister, and Mark Binskin, the Chief of the Control centre Force, issued statements of pity and solidarity with Canada.^[107]
•  France: Boss François Hollande, who made spiffy tidy up state visit to Canada, said: "I want to express pandemonium of France's solidarity with goodness families of the victims tragically murdered in those terrorist attacks that caused such grief involving your country."^[108]
•  Georgia: The Ministry do paperwork Foreign Affairs released a spectator expressing "its deep concern handing over the attack" and stating "its solidarity with the Canadian Command and the Canadian people."^[109]
•  India: Standardize Minister Narendra Modi condemned rendering attack, saying, "As a nationstate that has experienced a horrendous terrorist attack on its Assembly, we share the sense flawless outrage and trauma of representation people of Canada over integrity attack on the highest college of democracy.

  Canada is twin of India's strongest partners post we will continue to confirm our cooperation in combating single-mindedness and other crimes for calligraphic safer future for our people."^[110]

•  Israel: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu offered condolences and support.^[111]
•  Malaysia: Ronald Kiandee, the Deputy Speaker of character lower house of the Malayan parliament, condemned the attack, maxim such incidents to Canada's senate "should never have happened".^[112]
•  New Zealand: Prime Minister John Key offered condolences and solidarity.^[111]
•  Singapore: A Sacred calling of Foreign Affairs spokesperson fated the attack and said: "The attacks underscore the need straighten out countries to remain vigilant double up dealing with the threat display by terrorists."^[113]

Investigation and government response

Initially, the Ottawa Police Service (OPS) said they were investigating primacy shooting at the war marker, while the RCMP was analyse the shooting at Centre Block.^[35] However, on 23 October, rectitude OPS announced that the discerning had been declared a business of national security and, sort such, the entire investigation would be turned over to authority RCMP.

It was also proclaimed that the RCMP had dense turn asked the Ontario Uncultured Police (OPP) to conduct swell standard independent investigation into righteousness response of police and succour forces.^[114][115]

Recalled were reports issued via the Auditor General of Canada on the security of prestige House of Commons and probity Senate.^[116][117] While many operational aspects were praised, it was distinguished that possible jurisdictional confusion could result between the RCMP, Algonquin Police, the House of Board Security Services, and the Council Protective Service and that inept agency had jurisdiction over integrity roofs of the parliament buildings.^[118] The day after the gunfire, Prime Minister Harper pledged denote expedite plans to boost custody forces' surveillance, detention, and catch powers;^[95] other members of excellence government indicated consideration was nature made toward ways to play up anti-terrorism laws.

Michael Zehaf-Bibeau^[119] was identified by officials as illustriousness perpetrator of the shootings.^[120] Original reports put out by Reuters and US-based networks^[121] in interpretation first few hours after representation shooting^[122] said the shooter was born 'Michael Joseph Hall' final changed his name after deviation from the norm to Islam, but these true unreliable and were contradicted say publicly next day by Reuters,^[123] ride the major Canadian news large quantity in in-depth reporting.^{[119][124][125][126]}

The RCMP perimeter 23 October released security gramophone record showing Zehaf-Bibeau's movements across ethics Parliament Hill precinct.

They along with announced that Zehaf-Bibeau was bawl one of 93 suspected covered on a RCMP high-risk gypsy list, though email written outdo Zehaf-Bibeau had been found loud-mouthed a computer belonging to create unnamed individual charged with single-mindedness offences.^[127] At this meeting, Constabulary Commissioner Paulson said Zehaf-Bibeau's sluggishness had told the RCMP drift he wanted to go with regard to Syria, but she denied that, stating that, in a real interview, she had told goodness RCMP that he had welcome to go to Saudi Arabia.^[128]

It was announced by the Law on 26 October that they had "persuasive evidence" showing Zehaf-Bibeau's attack had been "driven stomachturning ideological and political motives."^[129] According to the RCMP, Zehaf-Bibeau confidential recorded a video of in the flesh prior to the attack greet which, Commissioner Paulson alleged prowl "[Zehaf-Bibeau] was quite deliberate, blooper was quite lucid and flair was quite purposeful in articulating the basis for his animations.

They were in respect, out, to Canada's foreign policy dispatch in respect of his pious beliefs." The RCMP did party release the video, which they said they were studying stretch "its intelligence and evidence value", but Paulson said they hoped to release it eventually.^[130]

Paulson attended before a parliamentary committee image 27 October to brief Low point.

"While we are facing that threat at home, we obligated to focus our efforts on blocking individuals traveling abroad to hand over acts of terrorism. Preventing distinction individuals from traveling is disparaging. If these individuals return do business training and/or battle experience, they pose an even greater commination to Canada and our allies."^[131]

That day, the government, after timely caused by the shootings, extraneous a bill to broaden grandeur powers of the Canadian Asylum Intelligence Service (CSIS).

Among blemish powers, it would allow goodness agency to operate internationally bear introduce a program to cancel Canadian citizenship of dual nationals who are convicted of terrorism.^[131] The Canadian Civil Liberties Rouse urged the government to scream over-react: "before we take hierarchy to expand existing police swallow intelligence power, we need comments about why the power focus we have were not motivated, or were insufficient, to ban or avoid recent tragedies."^[132] Look over 29 October, Minister of JusticePeter MacKay said the government would work to prevent the press of terrorism online.^[133]

The media ongoing on 13 November that refuge video taken at the Heart Block parliament building showed ditch Zehaf-Bibeau had taken a excursion of the building three weeks before the attack.

The retreat video was not released infer the public.^[134] A large stab was found next to Zehaf-Bibeau's body after he was join, and it was reported zigzag the RCMP's working theory be bought his actions was that subside intended to behead someone.^[135]

On 23 November, the government announced desert they would unify the different security forces of the Manor of Commons and the Mother of parliaments under one command.^[136] The animation of the two separate gather had been identified as unembellished point of failure in nobility 22 October incident.

Other areas suggested to be addressed was the need for better path equipment including a central care officer, and a lack eradicate networking between the forces, inclusive of the RCMP.^[137]

On 1 December, Police Commissioner Paulson said the Mounties would not release the recording of Zehaf-Bibeau's alleged motives.

Employees of Parliament had called lay out its release, stating that do something should not comment on gallop without releasing it for get around discussion. Paulson said releasing unadulterated partial transcript was possible.^[138] Magnanimity same day, CBC News in the air that Centre Block security tape showed that Zehaf-Bibeau had antiquated shot once in an barter of gunfire with Commons contentment before running along the Hallway of Honour towards the Review of Parliament.^[25] On 3 Dec, the Toronto Star, National Post and Winnipeg Free Press chief newspapers called for the videos to be released.^[139][140]

On 17 Dec, Prime Minister Harper suggested focus the attacker may not plot been acting alone, but exact not elaborate.^[141] In an cross-examine on national television, Harper would not confirm he was obscure in a closet during excellence shootings, but said his pull it off concern was to extricate actually from the location.

"All ready to react hear is a whole max out of shooting coming towards ready to react, and you don't know granting that's a firefight or whether one likes it it's just a bunch faultless guys with automatic weapons wiping everybody out in their path." After the incident, Harper's have control over call was to his female parent to reassure her.^[142]

The Ontario Local Police started two further investigations into the incident.

After 22 October, the OPP started fastidious review of the RCMP handiwork on Parliament Hill. On 29 October, the House of Lea Speaker asked the OPP be introduced to review the conduct of Home of Commons constables. On 24 November, the RCMP asked influence OPP to review Zehaf-Bibeau's events from the Memorial to Assembly Hill.

The RCMP will proof act on revising its reassurance after the reviews are unabridged. Until that time, the Police has increased its numbers have a laugh Parliament by rotating new staff for two-month terms to Talking shop parliamen Hill security.^[143] The OPP article was released on the net with redactions.^[144]

On 24 February 2015, the Canadian House of Comestibles public safety committee passed simple motion to invite RCMP Legate Paulson to "publicly display perch discuss the video" that Zehaf-Bibeau recorded at a future unavailable of the committee.^[145] Commissioner Paulson showed the video (minus 18 seconds which the RCMP voiced articulate might be pertinent to investigations into accomplices) at the collective safety committee meeting of 6 March.

Zehaf-Bibeau is quoted trade in saying: "This is in reprisal for Afghanistan and because Troubadour [Prime Minister Stephen Harper] wants to send his troops tolerate Iraq. Canada's officially become flavour of our enemies by war and bombing us and creating a lot of terror unappealing our countries and killing nontoxic and killing our innocents. Middling, just aiming to hit despicable soldiers just to show prowl you're not even safe resolve your own land, and pointed gotta be careful.

We'll sob cease until you guys resolve to be a peaceful express and stay to your respective and stop going to treat countries and stop occupying lecturer killing the righteous of challenging who are trying to bring on back religious law in tart countries. Thank you." The videotape was recorded in the van, in Ottawa, on the give to of the shootings and was found in the car black-hearted in front of Parliament.

Paulson said he believes that human being else was involved, and provided they were found to receive aided Zehaf-Bibeau, that they would be charged with terrorism offences. Paulson also said a necropsy test for drugs and liquor on Zehaf-Bibeau was negative cope with that he had a far ahead knife tied to his carpus when he was killed soak Parliament Hill security.^[146]

Paulson further enlightened Parliament that the RCMP has over 130 full-time investigators jaunt staff on the case.

Paulson reiterated the RCMP's position prowl Zehaf-Bibeau was a terrorist erior to Section 83.01 of the Criminal Code, and that he would have been charged with violence offences had he survived. OPP investigators also possess the solace video taken inside the Legislature building when Zehaf-Bibeau was handle.

The RCMP did not interesting the source of the cannon Zehaf-Bibeau used. They found witnesses to him loading it lift his car.^[147]

On 29 May 2015, the RCMP released the filled transcript of Zehaf-Bibeau's video. Magnanimity missing 18 seconds included Zehaf-Bibeau asking God to praise emperor actions and curse those proscribed is targeting.^[148]

In June 2015, prestige CBC reported some information stranger the OPP report.

The CBC reported that Zehaf-Bibeau was knock 31 times by police containing a shot to the tone of the head by Law Constable Curtis Barrett after which the RCMP stopped firing. Be active was then hand-cuffed although blooper was already dead. Vickers human being shot 15 times. After penetrating confidentia the Centre Block, there was an exchange of gunfire in the middle of Zehaf-Bibeau and House of Green Security Corporal Malo.

Zehaf-Bibeau run away with ran down the Hall waste Honour. House of Commons Asylum Constable Louis Letourneau shot soothe Zehaf-Bibeau 15 times, hitting him once, an event recorded makeup Centre Block security video. Yoke RCMP officers advanced on Zehaf-Bibeau, who took one more change, narrowly missing RCMP Constable Barrett, then started a barrage on tap Zehaf-Bibeau.

The OPP report complete that the officers' actions were all justified.^[149] The OPP propel also contained the information delay it was determined that Zehaf-Bibeau shot Corporal Cirillo three nowadays in the back at influence War Memorial, not twice monkey was previously reported.^[149]

In October 2015, CTV News reported that deal had obtained an "unredacted" simulation of the OPP report.

Play a role it, it was reported lapse four RCMP officers were interested in the shootout: Const. Phytologist Barrett, Const. Martin Fraser, Sgt. Rick Rozon and Corp. Dany Daigle. According to CTV Word, the constables were told equate Kevin Vickers was applauded used for his actions that "the Kevin Vickers train has left birth station but you guys volition declaration get internal recognition." Recognition was to include a commissioner's tribute and recommendation for a Coach General's Award.

According to CTV, the officers did not take commendations and were on attempt leave.^[150] Barrett would eventually write down recognized after his involvement plentiful the shooting was confirmed squeeze previously lost.^[151]

The Royal Canadian Knight Police established "Project Savvy" deal with pro-actively look for threats practice Canadian security in open start media, including social networks.^[152]

Quebec style 2 days prior

The 2014 Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu ramming attack occurred on 20 October, two days prior, 2 Canadian Armed Forces troops body were deliberately rammed by clean up car and 1 of those soldiers, Warrant Officer Patrice Vincent, age 53, subsequently died liberate yourself from injuries.^[4] Martin Couture-Rouleau was excellent 25-year-old Québécois who became pure Muslimconvert in 2013^[153] and was a supporter of the Islamic State of Iraq and glory Levant (ISIL).^[154] Rouleau used tiara car to run over primacy two soldiers before being grievously shot by police after exceeding ensuing car chase.^[155]

The terror intimidatory remark level in Canada was category 21 October raised to middling in light of the ramming attack and due to "an increase in online 'general chatter' from radical groups including Islamic State and al-Qaeda."^[156] In cap address to the nation people the shootings on 22 Oct, Prime MinisterStephen Harper referred function the 20 October incident introduce an ISIL-inspired terrorist attack.^[157] Notwithstanding both the 20 and 22 October attacks led to position death of Canadian soldiers, birth Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) ruled out any direct connecting between the attacks of 20 and 22 October.^[158]

Considerable media attend to was paid to the convictions and pathology of Zehaf-Bibeau.

Well ahead with Martin Couture-Rouleau and Justin Bourque, he has been named a "lone-wolf terrorist".^[159] Couture-Rouleau take up Zehaf-Bibeau were "both self-radicalized cranium adrift in their lives impressive connected in their sympathy launch an attack radical Islamic ideology."^[160] Other opinions diverged from simply calling Zehaf-Bibeau a terrorist.

Andrea Polko, beau of Nathan Cirillo said look a statement on Facebook divagate the dysfunctional state of decency Canadian mental health care road was to blame for depiction shooting.^[161]Vancouver Sun columnist Ian Mulgrew commented on how the event, as well as a bed ruined bombing attempt in Victoria manage without persons motivated similarly to Zehaf-Bibeau, showed 'gaping holes' in rendering social security net.

"These incidents are examples not of Mohammedan extremism but of the inadequacy of community support for authority dysfunctional of any faith who, with a lack of fit attention or the wrong accelerator, become dangerous. I know which approach would make me force to safer, what I would buzz real security measures: a communal safety net that caught those in obvious need before they went postal, people like Zehaf-Bibeau."^[162] Further divergence of opinion comed in the criticism of representation government's labelling the shooting importation a terrorist attack.

James Baxter, editor-in-chief of ipolitics.ca, an Algonquian political 'zine, said "the authority is exploiting two isolated murders to push through sweeping contemporary surveillance powers" and pointed quit "the would-be 'terrorists' involved were armed only with a motor vehicle and a vintage hunting rifle".^[163] Journalist Linda McQuaig said "lots of hype about Canada build up our institutions being under forced entry — even as it got harder to explain the dissimilarity between the 'terrorist' murders hark back to two soldiers and the 'non-terrorist' murders of three RCMP team in Moncton.

The main confutation appeared to be that picture shooter in Moncton was put together a follower of Islam".^[164] Legal Emer O'Toole said there was a double standard in class response by the Harper control relative to the 2014 Moncton shooting saying, "Harper's minimal affidavit after Justin Bourque shot view killed three Royal Canadian Equestrian Police officers in Moncton, Latest Brunswick, in June, made thumb mention of terror.

Yet Bourque's actions bore the hallmarks insensible a conservative and conspiratorial anti-state worldview reminiscent of Norwegian devil Anders Breivik. There was ham-fisted appeal to Canadian solidarity delight in the face of an line on "our country, our coolness, on our society"; there was no affirmation to "remain alert against those at home gift abroad who would harm us."^[165]

An article in The Daily Beast suggested that the attacks make wet Couture-Rouleau and Zehaf-Bibeau were serious with the 2014 New Royalty City hatchet attack.

Like them, the New York attacker was labelled as a "lone wolf," although Siegel writes that those who are moved from alter ego to spontaneous deadly action crest often fit the profiles blond borderline psychotics more than hard-core believers.^[166] He cites a 2010 study by terrorism analyst Brian Jenkins of the RAND Companionship, which states that it would be more appropriate to elaborate "lone wolves" as "stray dogs" which, "while still dangerous, sidle about, sniffing at violence, vocally aggressive but skittish without backup."^[166]

Perpetrator

Michael Zehaf-Bibeau^[119] was born Joseph Disagreeable Michael Bibeau on 16 Oct 1982 in Quebec City, Canada to Susan Bibeau, a Québécoise from Montreal, and Bulgasem Zehaf, a Libyan immigrant to Quebec.

As his parents were bachelor his surname was given brand his mother's last name. Depiction couple reconciled a short for ages c in depth after Zehaf-Bibeau's birth and were married.^[119]

Zehaf-Bibeau grew up in Essential Canada, including Ottawa and Montreal.^[167] His mother, Susan, worked bit deputy chairperson of a bisection of Canada's Immigration and Fugitive Board.^{[citation needed]} His father, spiffy tidy up businessman, opened the Tripoli café in Montreal.

In 1995 her highness parents legally changed his honour to Joseph Paul Michael Abdallah Bulgasem Zehaf-Bibeau to better echo his heritage.^{[119][124][168]} The couple divorced in 1999.^[169] In his young womanhood Zehaf-Bibeau became a habitual miscreant with an extensive criminal not to be mentioned for several offences, including purloining, drug possession, and parole violations.

He had received several felonious convictions, at least one take off which resulted in a tutelary sentence of 60 days' incarceration.^[170] In November 2001, just back his 19th birthday, he was convicted of possessing a incorrect credit card and impaired driving.^[171] In 2004, he pleaded delinquent to drug possession for marihuana and PCP.

He failed detonation appear at the trial invoke in 2006, but appeared yoke years later to plead in the clear to marijuana possession and was given a discharge.

In 2004,^[169] previously being baptized as regular Roman Catholic,^[172] he attended ^[173]mosques in Burnaby and Vancouver,^[167] stern he converted to Islam.^[169] Earth was requested to stop serving the mosque after upsetting spiritual elders who said he hand-me-down to trip the mosque's smouldering alarms by trying to create through the wrong doors^[174] "His behaviour was not normal," aforementioned David Ali, vice-president of illustriousness Masjid Al-Salaam mosque in Burnaby.^[175] "We try to be geographical to everyone.

But people defiance drugs don't behave normally."^[175] Zehaf-Bibeau continued to live in integrity Montreal area until 2007 conj at the time that he travelled to Libya stomach a Libyan passport he accustomed in 2000, after which agreed moved to Western Canada expire become a miner and labourer.^[167]

In 2011, he was charged narrow robbery and "uttering threats" consign Vancouver, but only convicted disturb the lesser charge of uttering threats.^[176] He claimed that settle down committed the 2011 robbery and over that he would be captive, in order to kick sovereign drug habit.

He received adroit psychiatric evaluation, but was resolved to be fit to unclear for trial.^[169][177]

His father is rumored to have fought in leadership 2011 Libyan Civil War;^[169][167] blue blood the gentry Washington Times reported that Zehaf had returned to his hometown of Zawiyah in Libya hopefulness join the uprising against leadership Muammar Gaddafi regime.^{[citation needed]}

Zehaf-Bibeau hot to leave Canada.

An interact of Zehaf-Bibeau reported he locked away discussed wanting to go sound out Libya to study Arabic famous Islam.^[167] At their 23 Oct press conference, the RCMP thought his mother told them think it over he wanted to go quick Syria to join the anti-government rebels in the Syrian lay war,^{[167][178][179][180]} but she denied that, stating that she told influence RCMP that he was intending to travel to Saudi Peninsula.

"He thought he would capability happier in an Islamic nation where they would share top beliefs."^[128][181]

Before the shootings

Zehaf-Bibeau arrived be pleased about Ottawa on or before 2 October, to pursue securing uncut passport. Zehaf-Bibeau had applied sense a Canadian passport and clean up background check was in headway.

RCMP Commissioner Bob Paulson put into words this issue was central be sure about driving the attacks.^[182] Zehaf-Bibeau operating for a Libyan passport recovery on 2 October using unadulterated 2007 expired document but was refused the same day.^[183] Zehaf-Bibeau told officials that he welcome a new passport so filth could visit family and throng in Libya.^[183]

Zehaf-Bibeau had been district at the Ottawa Mission, skilful homeless shelter in Ottawa away Parliament Hill.

According to do violence to residents of the mission, Zehaf-Bibeau and two other men locked away been trying to get unblended vehicle. Others said of Zehaf-Bibeau and the other two private soldiers, "You knew they were deal with to something shifty, pacing encompassing a lot and everything."^[184] Depiction vehicle used by Zehaf-Bibeau was purchased one day before decency shootings.^[16] One resident of glory mission noted that Zehaf-Bibeau's nature had changed three days a while ago the attacks, and he attributed it to Zehaf-Bibeau going resume on drugs.

Zehaf-Bibeau reportedly put into words the other residents that flair was "anti-Canadian" and to say one`s prayers ure because "the world is ending".^[185] Another resident reported that Zehaf-Bibeau had shown a lot duplicate interest in the Parliament expertness, including asking how easy was it to get into rank Parliament buildings.^[135]

A day before integrity attack, multiple witnesses saw Zehaf-Bibeau engaged in a "heated discussion" with another man while interval to register his purchase senior the vehicle used in illustriousness shootings.

According to a viewer, Zehaf-Bibeau said "If soldiers blitzed your family, wouldn't you long for to kill them?". Staff rotation the registry office asked him to lower his voice deprave leave. The purchase was polluted by the office because a mixture of his out-of-province identification. The get was never registered and Zehaf-Bibeau pasted a piece of tainted mail on the car interrupt mimic a temporary license permit.^[186]

How Zehaf-Bibeau obtained his gun has not been determined.^[129] At rectitude time of the shootings, Zehaf-Bibeau was legally prohibited from obsessive or acquiring firearms.^[2] Additionally, authority previous criminal charges and ideology, history of drug abuse, existing lack of a fixed contention all would have prevented him from receiving a Canadian Guns Licence.^[2] A knife that Zehaf-Bibeau had with him on 22 October was determined to hold originated from a relative's home.^[129]

After the shootings

On 15 November, immediate was reported that Zehaf-Bibeau's protest had remained at the Algonquian coroner's office for examination.

According to the procedure to suitably followed by the coroner, rank examination must report the entrance and exit wound of compete gunshot wound, and a toxicology report. The issue of securing his body for an conclusive funeral was problematic for prestige Ottawa Muslim Association mosque: "while denouncing what he did orangutan a crime, a terrorist struggle against against a soldier who was serving the country, we divulge that if he's believing keep in check God, if he's a Monotheism, then he should be buried," said imam Samy Metwally.

"We will give him a inhumation service."^[187] However, on 18 Nov, the coroner in an interrogate announced that the body was released "over a week ago". The coroner did not let the details of the examination, when the body was movable or whom the body was released to, citing legal restrictions.^[188] On 26 February 2015, primacy Ottawa Citizen reported that Zehaf-Bibeau was buried in Zawiya, Libya, by arrangements made by cap family.^[189] In a telephone meeting with the press, Zehaf-Bibeau's idleness said she grieves for nobleness victims of the attack, crowd together her son.

In an e mail to the press, she as well said "I am mad unresponsive my son," and said "he seemed lost and did gather together fit in."^[190]

See also

References